Description

Integer overflow in WebGL in Google Chrome prior to 152.0.7977.65 allowed a remote attacker to potentially execute arbitrary code outside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

Executive Summary

Technical Details

Mitigations

References

Additional Metadata

{
  "score": "8.8",
  "pubDate": "2026-08-25T21:18:15.537Z",
  "pubdate": "2026-08-25T21:18:15.537Z",
  "executiveSummary": "A critical integer overflow vulnerability exists within the WebGL implementation of Google Chrome, specifically affecting versions prior to 152.0.7977.65. This security flaw originates from improper handling of integer arithmetic, which can lead to memory corruption.\nThe vulnerability allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code outside the browser sandbox by enticing a victim to visit a maliciously crafted HTML page. Successful exploitation compromises the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of the host system by bypassing standard browser security boundaries.\nGiven the nature of WebGL as a browser-native graphics API, the vulnerability presents a significant risk to end-users. The exploit process requires user interaction—specifically, navigating to a malicious URL—but does not necessitate prior authentication or elevated privileges. Chromium maintains a Medium severity rating for this issue, emphasizing the potential for sandbox escape and subsequent host-level system compromise.",
  "technicalDetails": "The root cause of this vulnerability lies in an integer overflow condition within the WebGL subsystem of the Chromium browser engine. Integer overflows occur when an arithmetic operation attempts to create a numeric value that exceeds the storage capacity of the allocated integer type, typically leading to wrapping behavior that results in an unexpectedly small or incorrect value.\nIn the context of WebGL, this issue manifests during memory allocation processes where user-supplied inputs—such as buffer sizes, texture dimensions, or draw call parameters—are used in unchecked calculations. If an attacker provides a carefully crafted value, the subsequent integer wrap-around can result in the allocation of an undersized memory buffer. When the graphics engine subsequently attempts to populate this buffer, it triggers a heap-based buffer overflow, overwriting adjacent memory structures.\nThe attack flow begins when a user navigates to an HTML page hosting malicious JavaScript. This script utilizes WebGL API calls to pass oversized or specially crafted parameters to the underlying Chromium rendering process. Because WebGL operations are processed within the browser's graphics pipeline, the overflow occurs within the renderer process.\nBy manipulating the memory layout through heap spraying or similar memory grooming techniques, an attacker can leverage the buffer overflow to overwrite critical data structures, such as function pointers, object vtables, or return addresses. Given the capability to gain control over execution flow, the attacker can achieve remote code execution (RCE) by redirecting control to a payload (e.g., shellcode) crafted to execute arbitrary commands or install persistence mechanisms.\nThe primary security boundary preventing full system compromise is the Chromium sandbox, which isolates the renderer process from the host operating system. This specific vulnerability is notable because it facilitates a sandbox escape, allowing the attacker to transition from the constrained rendering environment to arbitrary code execution on the underlying host system. This bypasses the structural isolation provided by Chromium, granting the attacker privileges equivalent to the user session that launched the browser. Affected systems include all Google Chrome installations prior to 152.0.7977.65."
}