Description

Type confusion in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 152.0.7977.65 allowed a remote attacker to potentially execute arbitrary code outside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)

Executive Summary

Technical Details

Mitigations

References

Additional Metadata

{
  "score": "8.8",
  "pubDate": "2026-08-25T21:17:47.877Z",
  "pubdate": "2026-08-25T21:17:47.877Z",
  "executiveSummary": "A type confusion vulnerability exists within the ANGLE (Almost Native Graphics Layer Engine) component of Google Chrome. This flaw allows a remote attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution outside of the established browser sandbox security boundary.\nThe vulnerability is categorized as a type confusion error, which occurs when a program allocates a resource under one type but subsequently accesses it as a different, incompatible type. This mismatch can lead to unintended memory access, corruption, or logical bypasses.\nThe scope of impact is critical due to the potential for sandbox escape, enabling attackers to compromise the underlying host system. The vulnerability affects versions of Google Chrome prior to 152.0.7977.65.\nExploitation requires the victim to render a specifically crafted HTML page, likely containing malicious WebGL content or graphics-related instructions designed to trigger the type confusion within the ANGLE sub-system.\nGiven the nature of Chromium security, this vulnerability presents a significant risk for remote exploitation, requiring immediate remediation through version updates.",
  "technicalDetails": "The vulnerability resides within the ANGLE component, which serves as an abstraction layer for rendering graphics content (WebGL/WebGPU) to underlying APIs such as DirectX, OpenGL, or Vulkan. Type confusion arises when the graphics engine incorrectly interprets objects during translation or state management.\nIn the context of the Chromium architecture, ANGLE often operates within the GPU process. A type confusion vulnerability here occurs when the engine incorrectly casts a pointer or misinterprets an object's structure during a complex operation—such as shader compilation, buffer management, or state synchronization—resulting in the program treating a piece of data as a valid object of a different type.\nThe exploitation flow typically begins with a remote attacker hosting a malicious web page that utilizes WebGL shaders or specific canvas operations designed to exercise the vulnerable code paths in ANGLE. By manipulating the state of the GPU process, the attacker triggers a misallocation or invalid reference. Once the type confusion is successfully induced, the attacker can influence the execution flow by corrupting object pointers, function vtables, or sensitive data structures within the address space.\nBecause ANGLE interacts directly with graphics hardware and drivers, successful memory corruption may allow an attacker to achieve arbitrary read/write primitives within the GPU process context. From there, the attacker may pivot to sandbox escape by targeting vulnerabilities in the Inter-Process Communication (IPC) mechanism between the GPU process and the browser process (the 'broker' or 'renderer' processes).\nThis vulnerability does not require authentication from the user beyond the act of navigating to a crafted page. By bypassing standard sandbox protections, the payload can achieve execution outside the restricted environment, potentially allowing the installation of malware, data exfiltration, or system-level persistence. The exploitation is highly dependent on the precision of the heap layout and the specific state machine transitions provided by the browser's graphics stack at the time of the attack."
}