Description

Privilege escalation due to incorrect boundary conditions in the Graphics: WebGPU component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 157.

Executive Summary

Technical Details

Mitigations

References

Additional Metadata

{
  "score": "8.8",
  "pubDate": "2026-09-29T13:17:40.640Z",
  "pubdate": "2026-09-29T13:17:40.640Z",
  "executiveSummary": "This vulnerability involves a critical flaw in the Graphics: WebGPU component of Firefox, stemming from incorrect boundary condition handling.\nThe vulnerability allows an attacker to achieve privilege escalation, potentially granting unauthorized access to system resources or bypassing security sandboxes.\nAffected systems include versions of Firefox prior to 157, where the WebGPU implementation failed to properly validate memory boundaries during graphics operations.\nThe risk implication is significant as it provides a pathway for an unprivileged attacker to gain elevated permissions within the browser's execution context.\nSuccessful exploitation typically requires the attacker to convince a user to interact with malicious web content or a specifically crafted WebGPU application.\nGiven the nature of privilege escalation, this flaw is classified as high-risk, as it could facilitate further compromise of the underlying operating system by breaking browser-level isolation.",
  "technicalDetails": "The root cause of this vulnerability lies in the improper implementation of boundary condition checks within the WebGPU API handling logic, specifically within the Graphics component of the Firefox browser engine.\nWebGPU is designed to provide high-performance graphics and computation capabilities to web applications by exposing low-level GPU primitives. In this instance, the validation logic responsible for ensuring that memory access operations remain within defined, safe bounds failed to correctly account for specific inputs.\nWhen an application submits a WebGPU command buffer that includes operations exceeding allocated buffer sizes or utilizing incorrect offsets, the lack of rigorous boundary enforcement allows for out-of-bounds (OOB) memory access. This behavior manifests during the translation of high-level WebGPU commands into low-level GPU instructions.\nThe attack flow initiates when a malicious website or crafted WebGPU shader executes code that triggers these boundary violations. By carefully crafting the input values for vertex buffers, storage buffers, or texture bindings, an attacker can coerce the GPU driver or the browser's abstraction layer to perform memory operations outside the intended memory space.\nExploitation involves leveraging this OOB access to overwrite adjacent memory structures that reside in the address space of the WebGPU process. If these adjacent structures contain security-critical data, such as function pointers or object headers, the attacker can achieve a controlled corruption of the execution flow.\nThis control over execution flow facilitates arbitrary code execution within the context of the WebGPU process. Because this process often operates with higher privileges than the standard web content renderer, successful exploitation results in effective privilege escalation, allowing the attacker to escape the browser sandbox and interact with system APIs or sensitive browser data.\nThe vulnerability affects Firefox versions prior to 157. Exploitation does not require prior authentication but necessitates that the target user visits a malicious page or executes a compromised WebGPU application. The impact is a compromise of the browser security model, allowing for unauthorized escalation of privilege."
}